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Common Welding Jobsite Hazards and How to Avoid Them

Written by Michael Tobias

Welding is the highest-risk occupation of any within the construction industry. OSHA study reports that 1 out of every 250 construction workers will die from a welding accident. That doesn’t account for other potential hazards that welders face daily, such as – electrical shock, burns, eye damage, cuts, exposure of chemicals. Although, most of these injuries or deaths can be prevented with enhanced construction site safety, proper training, engineering controls, and personal protective equipment (PPE).

The act of welding is a procedure of heating the surfaces of metal pieces or parts to join them together.  Even though welding has over 70 different welding procedures, the top three types are –

  • Submerged Arc Welding (SAW)
  • Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW)
  • Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW)

Most Common Welding Hazards

Every type of welding produces risks and hazards, not only for the welder but also for other construction workers or people in the vicinity. By understanding the risk and precautions to help prevent accidents and injuries, it will make your project site safer.

 

FUMES AND GASES

Welding exposes the welder and other personnel to toxic fumes like carbon monoxide, aluminum, arsenic, nitrogen just to name a few. The damage caused by being exposed to welding fumes varies in degree depending on the specific gas or fume and how long the exposure lasted and range from an irritated throat or eyes to pneumonia, or cancer.

Recommended safety precautions –

  • Use appropriate ventilation and exhaust
  • Keep heat out of fume plume
  • When ventilation is insufficient, use approved respiratory devices
  • Keep contaminate levels monitored for safe air quality
  • Take part in targeted safety training to understand the potential dangers

ELECTRICAL SHOCK

Electrocution is a serious potential hazard during arc welding because live electrical circuits are used to melt metals creating risk of electric shock by touching two metal objects with a voltage between them. The electrical shock may severely injure or be fatal to the welder. Even though arc welding is a high risk occupation, it is safe when proper precautions and safety measures are taken. Such as –

  • Be sure all equipment is dry and in good working condition
  • Proper insulation – such as rubber mats
  • Welder wear good condition dry gloves
  • Welding equipment routinely inspected for safety
  • In humid work areas, take extra safety measures

FIRE

Since welding generates sparks that can be sprayed over 30 feet from the source, fire is a genuine concern. When an occurrence happens, other workers are at a high risk of getting burned, especially one with grease on their clothes or around flammable materials.

Fire prevention measures include –

  • Keep all flammable chemicals, combustible substances and materials stored away from welding spaces
  • Minimize any clutter or dust as a high concentration of fine particles can oxidize and may cause an explosion or fire without warning
  • If flammable materials can’t be moved, use fire-resistant shields
  • Always keep a fire extinguisher handy

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

When welders wear PPE, it drastically reduces the risk of physical hazards. Recommended PPE for welders are –

  • Boots and gloves: Rubber-soled hard toe boots and insulated flame-resistant gloves help provide protection from electric shock and falling objects.
  • Respirators: Reduce the gases and fumes the welder breaths in protecting lungs and respiratory systems.
  • Welding helmets with side-shields: Helmets protect against UV rays that could cause blindness, plus debris and chemical burns.
  • Fire resistant clothing: Provides protection against risks of burns caused by heat, fire and radiation.
  • Ear protection: Protects the ears against loud noises and vibrations within the work environment.

CONCLUSION

One way to assure your construction site is as safe as possible is to use a professional construction management service. They can help educate workers by making them aware of all potential hazards and proper precautions to take to prevent work site accidents.

AUTHOR’S BIO

Michael Tobias, PE, is the principal and founder of Chicago Engineers. He leads a team of over 30 mechanical, electrical, and fire protection engineers. Although Chicago Engineers main headquarters are in NYC and Chicago the business has led over 1,000 engineering projects in New York, New Jersey, Connecticut, Pennsylvania, Florida, Maryland, and California, as well as Malaysia and Singapore. Michael is an advocate for green technology and energy efficiency.

General Safety Issues

6 Ways Employers Can Reduce the Risk of Musculoskeletal Disorders in the Workplace

In the workplace, many employers tend to overlook work-related musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs). But according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, MSDs are the most common form of workplace injuries and they account for up to 30% of all workers’ compensation claims.

So as an employer, it’s your duty to provide your workers with a safe and healthy workplace. This means that you should improve their work environment to mitigate their risk of developing musculoskeletal disorders. In this post, I’ll highlight 9 ways that can help you accomplish this goal.

What are Musculoskeletal Disorders?

The World Health Organization defines musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) as conditions that affect an individual’s locomotor system, which comprises of the muscles, bones, joints and related tissues like tendons and ligaments.

To put it simply, these are health problems that compromise your mobility, flexibility and dexterity. As the European Agency for Safety and Health at Work explains, these disorders mainly affect the back, neck, upper limbs, and occasionally, the lower limbs. The most common musculoskeletal disorders in the workplace are:

  • Carpal tunnel syndrome
  • Ligament sprain
  • Tendonitis
  • muscle  or tendon strain
  • Tension neck syndrome
  • Rotator cuff tendonitis
  • Epicondylitis
  • Degenerative disc disease
  • Herniated disc

Reducing the Risk of Musculoskeletal Disorders in the Workplace

1. Identify the Causes

Recognizing the specific causes of musculoskeletal disorders affecting your workers can help you tailor the solutions. In other words, you can implement policies that address the specific risk factors causing MSDs.

As an example, a common risk factor in the workplace that leads to MSD is the frequent application of excessive force, such as when lifting heavy equipment.

Most cases of muscle strain and overexertion occur when the force needed is greater than what a worker’s body can handle. The higher the amount of force required, the higher the risk of injury.

If you’ve identified this as the cause, look for equipment that eases the task of lifting bulky machines. Items like wheeled vehicles, dollies and trollies take the hard work out of lifting and moving office equipment.

 

2. Scheduling Breaks

Another solution for reducing the incidences of musculoskeletal disorders is to schedule breaks for your workers.

The benefit of doing this is that it interrupts the extensive periods of repetitive or monotonous workloads and periods, which increase risk of MSDs. When scheduling breaks for your staff, pay attention to:

  1. Frequency of breaks: In a recent study, it was found that workers who took more frequent work breaks experienced less fatigue and stress resulting from work.
  2. Duration of breaks: The length of the work break is vital to the recovery of tissues and muscles. A study was done to investigate the impact of micro-breaks (lasting between 1.5 and 2 minutes) amongst surgeons. Researchers discovered that these small breaks helped to reduce musculoskeletal pain significantly.

3. Education and Training

Training is one of the most effective ways of preventing MSDs in the workplace. Essentially, by providing your staff with the necessary knowledge, they’ll be able to better exercise caution and avoid work-related risks on their own.

The best way to impart this knowledge is to offer practical training on the job. This entails training workers how to:

  • Understand the risk factors associated with common MSD in the office, such as carpal tunnel syndrome, back and neck pain etc.
  • How to reduce the risk of injury when interacting with office equipment
  • Follow best practices when it comes to sitting, standing, and computing.

4.Provide an Active Environment

A practical way to minimize the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders among office workers is to provide an active environment. An investigation was done to determine the effectiveness of exercise in reducing work-related musculoskeletal disorders.

The study focused on specific physical activities such as resistance training, Pilates, postural orientation among others. It revealed that taking part in 20-minute resistance training sessions 3 times per week led to a reduction of  musculoskeletal pain felt in the shoulders, wrists, cervical, dorsal and lumbar spine.

You can encourage your staff to exercise by:

  • Conducting standing or walking meetings
  • Hire a trainer to come in weekly to conduct short fitness classes
  • Incorporating inexpensive mini-stepper devices in areas like conference rooms
  • Positioning trash cans and printers farther away to help your employees walk more steps

5. Advocate for Early Reporting

Employers should also encourage their workers to report cases of musculoskeletal disorders early.

According to the Canadian Centre for Occupational Health and Safety, the most common symptoms of MSDs are:

  • Joint stiffness
  • Muscle tightness
  • Redness and inflammation of the affected area
  • Numbness
  • Decreased sweating of the hand

If an employee starts to experience any of these signs, they should report it immediately. Early intervention is necessary because it enables the victim to receive the necessary treatment  before the muscle tightness and numbness becomes a full-blown musculoskeletal disorder.

An important point to note is that MSDs develop over a period of time. This then means that it’s possible to nip the health problem in the bud before it gets worse.

6.Implement Organizational Changes to Eliminate Repetitive Tasks

As we mentioned earlier, one of the things that increases the risk of musculoskeletal disorders is engaging in repetitive tasks.

During the course of work, most staff have very minimal influence on their speed, sequence of tasks and break schedules. For instance, for assembly line workers, retail cashiers, and those who deal in loading and unloading equipment, they cannot abandon their stations without being replaced by another individual.

This forces them into a cycle of repetitive work, which causes muscle fatigue. With insufficient recovery periods, the muscle fatigue often causes irreversible damages to musculature.

To prevent risk of MSDs resulting from repetitive jobs, introduce these organizational changes:

  • Shortened Job rotation- this is a structured approach of alternating workers between tasks. This means that the workers rotate between workstations or duties at shorter intervals, hence reducing exposure to the repetitive nature of the job.
  • Job diversification – this entails training your employees to perform an array of tasks that may be related or unrelated to their specific skill sets. Job diversification gives your workers opportunities to take part in non-repetitive tasks, which don’t carry any risk of MSDs.

Final Word

The American Academy of Orthopedic Surgeons estimates that one in every two Americans suffers from a musculoskeletal disorder. This goes to show just how rampant the health problem is.

Luckily, employers can take several measures to protect their workers from the risk of MSDs. Practical solutions include assessing the risk factors, providing breaks, fostering an active work environment and implementing an ergonomics program.

About the Author: George Chiang

George is the senior editor and ergonomist at Ergonomic Trends. You can find him hitting the gym or the yoga studio when he’s not working hard at a café as a digital nomad.